Cream: Yellowish part of milk, rich in butterfat, that rises to the surface naturally if milk is allowed to stand. In the dairy industry, cream is separated mechanically.

乳脂:牛奶的黄色成分，富含脂肪球。鲜奶静置时，乳脂自行浮到表面，乳品工业则用机械分离乳脂。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

Cream is graded by percentage of fat content. In the U.S., half-and-half, a mixture of milk and cream, contains 10.5-18% butterfat; light cream, commonly served with coffee, contains no less than 18%;

商品乳脂按脂肪含量分级:在美国，牛奶和乳脂的混合物，含乳脂肪10.5～18%;配咖啡的轻质乳脂，一般含乳脂肪不少于18%

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

and medium and heavy creams (the latter including whipping cream)contain about 30% and 36% respectively. Commercial sour cream, about 18-20% butterfat, is inoculated with lactic-acid-producing bacteria.

中等乳脂，含乳脂肪30～36%;搅打起泡或浓厚的乳脂，含乳脂肪不少于36%。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

Chocolate: Food prepared from ground roasted cacao beans. It is consumed as candy, used to make beverages, and added as a flavouring or coating for confections and baked products.

巧克力:用可可豆制成的食品。可做成糖果，配制饮料，用作调料或各种糖果和焙烤食品的外壳。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

It was introduced to Europe by Hernán Cortés following his visit in 1519 to the court of Montezuma II, who served the conquistador a bitter cacao-bean drink, xocoatl.

1519年科尔特斯在墨西哥蒙提祖马二世的宫里喝到一种用可可豆制成的苦味饮料xocoatl之后，就把这种饮料引入西班牙。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

In making chocolate, the kernels of fermented and roasted cacao beans are ground into a paste called chocolate liquor, which may be hardened in molds to form baking (bitter)chocolate, pressed to reduce the cocoa butter (vegetable fat)content and then pulverized to make cocoa powder, or mixed with sugar and additional cocoa butter to make sweet (eating)chocolate.

巧克力制做工序是将可可豆的种仁发酵和焙烤，再磨成糊状，称巧克力浆，然后在模型内凝固成苦巧克力;加压除去所含的可可脂，随后磨成可可粉;或加糖及可可脂即可制成食用巧克力(甜巧克力)。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

Rich in carbohydrates and fat and containing small amounts of caffeine, chocolate is an excellent source of quick energy.

巧克力富含碳水化合物和脂肪，能快速提供热量，也含有微量可可碱和咖啡因。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

Cod-liver oil: Oil obtained primarily from the liver of the Atlantic cod and related fish.

鱼肝油:从大西洋鳕鱼及其它近缘鱼种的肚脏中取得的淡黄色脂肪油。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

It is principally a mixture of the glycerides (see glycerol)of many fatty acids, but its minor constituents, the fat-soluble vitamin A and vitamin D, give it its importance.

主要是由多种脂肪酸甘油脂组成的混合物，含有少量但很重要的脂溶性维生素A和D。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

It was once used to treat and prevent rickets, but the widespread fortification of milk with vitamin D. It is still used as a remedy for joint pain caused by arthritis and as a preventive of cardiovascular disease. It is also used in feeds for poultry and other animals.

在医药上用来治疗缺乏维生素D所引起的钙、磷代谢异常，如佝偻病、小儿麻痹症、骨瘤等，也用作家禽和其它动物的饲料。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

Coffee: Tropical evergreen shrub of the genus Coffea, in the madder family, or its seeds, called beans; also the beverage made by brewing the roasted and ground beans with water.

咖啡:茜草科咖啡属热带常绿灌木。种子亦称咖啡或称咖啡豆，烘烤后磨碎加水调制成的饮料也称咖啡。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

Cognac (1601～1700): Brandy from the French departments of Charente and Charente-Maritime.

干邑酒(1601～1700):法国夏朗德省和滨海夏朗德省生产的一种白兰地酒，以干邑城的名字命名。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

Tracing its origin to the 17th century, cognac (named for the town of Cognac)is distilled from white wine in special pot stills (alembics)and aged in Limousin oak.

约在17世纪时开始生产，用指定的特殊葡萄品种，在特殊的蒸馏锅内或蒸馏器内经过两次蒸馏，并在利莫赞橡木桶内陈酿而制成。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

Additive: In foods, any of various chemical substances added to produce desirable effects.

添加剂:任何添加到食品中产生特殊效应的化合物。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

Additives include such substances as artificial or natural colourings and flavourings; stabilizers, emulsifiers, and thickeners; preservatives and humectants (moisture-retainers); and supplementary nutrients.

包括人造或天然色素、调味料、稳定剂、乳化剂、定形剂、增稠剂、防腐剂、增味剂、营养增补剂等。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

Though many additives are harmless or even beneficial, others reduce nutritional value or conceal inferior raw materials or processing

虽然大多数添加剂是有益的，至少没有害处，但有的会掩饰劣质原料与工艺，有的会降低营养价值。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

Corn syrup: Sweet syrup produced by breaking down (hydrolyzing)cornstarch (a product of corn).

玉米糖浆:一种味甜、黏稠的糖浆，由玉米淀粉水解制成

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

Alcoholic beverage Any fermented liquor, such as wine, beer, or distilled liquor, that contains ethyl alcohol, or ethanol, as an intoxicating agent.

酒精饮料:任何含醇或乙醇的发酵酒如葡萄酒、啤酒或蒸馏酒，可用作陶醉剂。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

When an alcoholic beverage is ingested, the alcohol is rapidly absorbed in the stomach and intestines because it does not undergo any digestive processes. It is distributed to the rest of the body through the blood and has a pronounced depressant action on the brain.

酒精饮料一旦入肚后，所含的酒精可不经消化即被胃肠道吸收，故血中的酒精在饮酒后不久即可达到一相当高的浓度，接着酒精会透过血液分布到体内各组织，其中尤以脑受到的影响最大。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品

Under the influence of alcohol, the drinker is less alert, less able to discern objects in the environment, slower in reacting to stimuli, and generally prone to sleep.

当饮酒量渐增后，饮酒者会有注意力减退、视线模糊、肌肉不协调和昏昏欲睡等症状。

属类：行业术语-农业-食品