这几个与"遗赠"相关的法律英语词汇在用法上存在细微差别,以下为专业辨析:
1. Will(动词用法)
词义:通过遗嘱形式进行财产处置
用法特点:最通用的表达,强调遗嘱行为的整体性
例:He willed his entire estate to his alma mater.
2. Bequeath
词义:特指动产遗赠(personal property)
用法特点:正式法律用语,多用于遗嘱执行语境
例:The collector bequeathed his antique coins to the British Museum.
3. Devise
词义:不动产遗赠(real property)
用法特点:普通法术语,专指土地/房产的遗嘱转让
例:She devised the family manor to her youngest daughter.
4. Leave
词义:一般性遗赠(不区分财产类型)
用法特点:非正式表达,常见于口语和非正式文书
例:He left his vintage car collection to his nephew.
5. Legate
词义:通过法定程序进行遗赠
用法特点:强调法律程序的完成,多用于完成时态
例:The artworks were legated to the foundation after probate.
补充说明:
-- 现代法律文件中bequeath和devise的区分逐渐模糊
-- 在遗嘱认证(probate)过程中,devisee指不动产受赠人,legatee指动产受赠人
-- "Testate"(遗嘱继承)与这些动词经常搭配使用
记忆技巧:
动产遗赠想"B"开头(Bequeath),
不动产用"D"打头(Devise),
"Legate"要走法律程序,
"Will"和"Leave"通用走。
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