这组表示"结束"的英语词汇在用法上存在细微差别,以下是专业辨析:
1. Close(中性偏正式)
-- 强调过程性结束:The meeting closed with a vote.
-- 多用于活动/会议等:close a debate
-- 固定搭配:close an account(注销账户)
2. End(通用词)
-- 强调自然终止:The war ended in 1945.
-- 可指突然终止:He ended the relationship abruptly.
-- 空间终止:The road ends here.
3. Conclude(正式用语)
-- 正式结束:The speaker concluded his address
-- 逻辑性完结:From this we may conclude...
-- 法律用语:conclude a treaty
4. Finish(完成性结束)
-- 强调完成目标:finish homework
-- 消耗性完成:finish the coffee
-- 比赛用语:finish first
5. Complete(完整性结束)
-- 强调完整性:complete the puzzle
-- 建设性完成:complete the building
-- 表格填写:complete the form
6. Terminate(强制性结束)
-- 法律/合同终止:terminate a contract
-- 强制结束:terminate employment
-- 技术用语:terminate the process
翻译技巧提示:
1. 会议"闭幕"用close/conclude
2. 自然"结束"多用end
3. "完成工作"优先用finish
4. 法律文件首选terminate/conclude
5. 建筑项目用complete
典型误译示例:
× 终止合同:end a contract(应为terminate)
× 完成报告:complete the report(日常用finish更自然)
× 结束生命:close one’s life(正确用end)
主题笔记