1. Discourage（使气馁/劝阻） -- 核心语义：通过外界因素削弱行动意愿 -- 特点：常含"劝阻"的主动意味，程度较轻 -- 例：The heavy rain discouraged us from hiking. （大雨打消了我们徒步的念头→客观阻碍）
2. Dishearten（使沮丧/灰心） -- 核心语义：打击内心希望，产生失落感 -- 特点：情感冲击＞行动阻碍，文学性强 -- 例：The failed experiment disheartened the research team. （实验失败让团队心灰意冷→心理打击） ...(以上内容有节略,please sign in for more)500
【Discourage】 , 【dishearten】 , 【dispirit】 , 【deject】 mean to weaken in qualities that maintain interest, zeal, activity, or power to continue or to resist.
【Discourage】 implies not only the loss of courage and confidence but the entrance of fear and the marked diminution of all power to summon up one's forces.
【Dishearten】 differs little from 【discourage】 , but it stresses not so much a mood or a state of mind as a loss of heart or will to accomplish a purpose or to achieve an end.
【Dispirit】 distinctively implies the loss of cheerfulness or hopefulness; it often suggests a prevailing gloom that casts a blight upon a gathering, a project, or whatever depends for its success upon the spirits of those who enter into it.
It may also, more strongly than 【discourage】 , suggest the way an individual or group affects others.
【Deject】 , even more strongly than 【dispirit】 , implies a casting down, with resulting loss of cheerfulness or hopefulness, but, unlike 【dispirit】 , it refers usually to the individual alone.
