在语言学中，"ambiguity"和"equivocation"虽然都涉及语义不确定性，但存在重要区别：
1. 本质差异：
-- Ambiguity（歧义）：指语言单位本身固有的多义性，是客观存在的语义特征。如"bank"可指"银行"或"河岸"。
-- Equivocation（模棱两可）：指说话者故意利用歧义来模糊表达，是主观的修辞策略。
2. 使用意图：
-- 歧义可能是无意的语言现象（如"He saw the man with the telescope"）
-- 模棱两可通常带有目的性（如政客回答："我们会适当考虑这个建议"）
3. 表现形式：
-- 歧义多存在于词汇或句法层面
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word-vs-word-cn
【Ambiguity】 , 【Equivocation】 , 【Tergiversation】 and 【Double entendre】 are comparable when they denote expression or, more often, an expression, capable of more than one interpretation.
【Ambiguity】 is referable to an expression that admits of two or sometimes more interpretations; commonly, however, it suggests the use of a word or phrase rather than a construction that may be taken in either of two senses.
- where no 【ambiguity】 arises, the word polygon may be used to refer either to the broken line, or to the part of the plane enclosed by it
—R. R. Smith
【Ambiguity】 does not in itself suggest intentional lack of explicitness; when that idea is to be conveyed or when an attempt to mislead or an indifference to accuracy in statement is to be suggested, 【equivocation】 is the preferable word.
- the first cardinal sin from the logician's standpoint is 【equivocation】 . Thus Hobbes has declared that "in all discourses wherein one man pretends to instruct or convince another, he should use the same word constantly in the same sense"
—Philip Wheelwright - 【equivocation】 is halfway to lying
—Penn
But 【equivocation】 may imply that the writer or speaker is himself confused. 【Tergiversation】 stresses a shifting of senses, especially of a word or words important to an argument. It implies evasion and looseness of thought; more specifically it connotes intentional subterfuge and often a low standard of intellectual honesty.
- humanism depends very heavily, I believe, upon the tergiversations of the word human; and in general, upon implying clear and distinct philosophic ideas which are never there
—T. S. Eliot
【Double entendre】 designates an 【ambiguity】 which invites or allows a twofold meaning, one sense being a cover for a subtle implication, especially a stinging or an indelicate implication.
- sometimes with these parliamentary comedies, the humor lay in a kind of 【double entendre】 , using the phrase in an innocent sense
—Manchester Guardian - bedroom farce with many of the 【double entendre】 s . . . that go with that form of entertainment
—McCarten
网络相关图 Ambiguity-vs-Equivocation Tergiversation
组词比对 Ambiguity-vs-Equivocation Tergiversation
