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symphony orchestra：交响乐团详图：

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1	symphony orchestra	交响乐团
	Group composed of numerous musicians under the direction of a conductor; it includes various categories of instruments, depending on the work to be performed. 在指挥的指挥下由许多音乐家组成的团体；根据要表演的作品，它包括不同种类的乐器。
2	bassoons	低音管
	Double-reed instruments consisting of a curved conical wooden tube; the double-reed is inserted into a curved mouthpiece... bassoon 双簧片乐器，由弯曲的圆锥形木管组成；双簧片插入弯曲的吹口中。
3	tuba [’tuːbə]	低音大喇叭
	Valved instrument whose tonal range is the lowest in the brass family; it consists of a coiled conical tube and an upturned bell. 汽门乐器，其音调范围在黄铜家族中最低；它由一个盘绕的锥形管和一个上翘的钟组成。
4	cymbals	圆盘式张力装置
	Instrument consisting of two metal disks that are struck together. 由两个金属盘撞击在一起的仪器。
5	snare drum	小军鼓
	Flat drum consisting of two membranes; stretched across the lower head are snares that produce a rattling sound. 由两层膜组成的平鼓；在下鼓头上延伸的是能发出卡嗒卡嗒声的圈套。
6	gong [ɡɑːŋ]	锣; 奖章
	Instrument consisting of a large metal disk with a raised central portion that is struck using a mallet. 由一个大的金属盘和一个用木槌敲打的凸起的中心部分组成的乐器。
7	timpani [’tɪmpəni]	(单复同)定音鼓=tymp
	Instruments consisting of a parabolic copper basin covered with a stretched batter head that is struck with a mallet... kettledrum 由一个抛物线形的铜盆组成的乐器，盆上覆盖着一个用木槌敲打的拉伸的击球头。
8	bass drum	【音】大鼓
	Large drum set on a vertical frame and struck using a pedal-controlled wooden mallet... drums 竖直架子上的大鼓，用脚踏木槌敲击。
9	French horns	法国角
	Valved instruments consisting of a coiled conical tube and a flared bell... French horn 有瓣的仪器，由盘绕的圆锥形管和喇叭口组成。法国号角
10	oboes	双簧管
	Double-reed instruments consisting of a conical tube with holes (some closed by keys) and a slightly flared bell... oboe 双簧片乐器，由带孔的圆锥形管（有些用键封闭）和稍有扩口的钟形管组成。
11	piccolo [’pɪkəloʊ]	短笛
	Small transverse flute whose range is an octave higher than the regular transverse flute. 小横笛，其音程比普通横笛高八度。
12	double basses	双低音
	Four- or five-stringed instruments played upright; the largest of the violin family, they also have the lowest range... double bass 竖直演奏的四弦或五弦乐器；小提琴家族中最大的乐器，它们的音域也最低。低音提琴
13	English horns	英语角
	Alto oboes with a pear-shaped bell... English horn 钟形钟形双簧管中音。英语角
14	cellos	塞洛斯
	Four-stringed instruments placed between the legs when played; they are about twice the size of a violin and their range is one octave lower than the viola... cello 四弦乐器，演奏时放在两腿之间；大约是小提琴的两倍大，音域比中提琴低一个八度。
15	conductor’s podium	司机
	Small dais that the conductor stands on to direct the musicians as they play. 指挥站在上面指挥音乐家演奏的小台。
16	violas	堇菜
	Four-stringed instruments similar to a violin but played a fifth lower... viola 四弦乐器，与小提琴相似，但演奏第五低中提琴。
17	second violins	第二小提琴
	The violins that support the first violins... violin 支持第一小提琴的小提琴。
18	first violins	第一小提琴
	The violins that play the melody... violin 演奏旋律的小提琴。
19	harps	竖琴
	Plucked stringed instruments consisting of strings of unequal length attached to a triangular frame... harp 弹拨的弦乐器，由不等长的弦组成，附在三角形框架上。
20	flutes	长笛
	Instruments with a side mouthpiece and a tube containing holes, some of which are closed by keys... transverse flute 有侧吹口和装有孔的管的乐器，其中一些孔是用键封闭的。横笛
21	clarinets	单簧管
	Single-reed instruments whose cylindrical tube contains holes (some closed by keys) and ends in a flared bell... clarinet 单簧管乐器，其圆柱管上有孔（有些用键封闭），末端为喇叭形。单簧管
22	piano [pi’ɑnoʊ]	钢琴
	Piano whose mechanism is horizontal, allowing the pianist to better control the sound; it varies in size from 8 to 9 ft... examples of keyboard instruments upright concert grand 一种钢琴，其机制是水平的，使钢琴家能更好地控制声音；它的大小从8英尺到9英尺不等。键盘乐器的例子右音
23	bass clarinet	低音单簧管
	Clarinet with a curved tube; its range is one octave lower than the ordinary clarinet. 曲管单簧管；其音程比普通单簧管低一个八度。
24	trumpets	小号
	Valved instruments consisting of a curved cylindrical tube and a flared bell... trumpet 由弯曲的圆柱管和喇叭口组成的有阀门的仪器。
25	tubular bells	〈音〉管钟
	Series of metal tubes arranged vertically in order of size; small hammers are used to strike the tops of the tubes. 按尺寸垂直排列的一系列金属管；小锤子用来敲击管子的顶部。
26	contrabassoons	反低音管
	Double-reed wind instruments consisting of several tubes; their range is one octave lower than the bassoon. 由几根管组成的双簧片管乐器；其音程比巴松管低一个八度。
27	cornet [’kɔːrnɪt]	短号;(盛冰淇淋的)圆锥形蛋卷
	Valved instrument consisting of a curved conical tube and a flared bell. 由弯曲的锥形管和喇叭口组成的有阀门的仪器。
28	xylophone [’zaɪləfoʊn]	木琴
	Instrument consisting of wooden bars placed on top of resonators arranged in chromatic order in two rows; the bars are struck with mallets. 一种乐器，由放置在两排按色度顺序排列的谐振器顶部的木棒组成；木棒用木槌敲击。
29	triangle [’traɪæŋɡl]	三角(形)
	Instrument composed of a metal bar bent to form a open at one end; the is struck with a metal rod. 由一端弯曲形成开口的金属棒组成的仪器；用金属棒敲击。
30	trombones	长号
	Instruments consisting of a curved tube with a slide that is lengthened to produce notes varying in pitch by semitones... trombone 由一个弯曲的管和一个滑块组成的乐器，这个滑块被加长以产生由半音阶变化的音调。
31	castanets	响板(用硬木或象牙制成的)
	Instrument composed of two shell-shaped pieces of wood held in one hand and struck together using the fingers. 一只手拿着两块贝壳状的木头，用手指敲击在一起的乐器。
32	violin family	提琴
	Group of stringed instruments played with a bow. 用弓演奏的一组弦乐器。
33	percussion instruments	打击乐器
	Group of instruments that are struck directly with the hands or with sticks, mallets, etc. to produce a sound... ?[1] 用手或棍子、木槌等直接敲击以发出声音的一组乐器。？〔1〕
34	brass family	黄铜家族
	Group of wind instruments made from metal and played with cup-shaped mouthpieces... wind instruments?[1] 一组由金属制成的用杯形吹口演奏的乐器。〔1〕
35	woodwind family	木管乐器
	Group of wind instruments originally made from wood... wind instruments?[1] 一组最初由木头制成的乐器。乐器？〔1〕

1	bass clarinet	低音单簧管
	Clarinet with a curved tube; its range is one octave lower than the ordinary clarinet. 曲管单簧管；其音程比普通单簧管低一个八度。
2	bass drum	【音】大鼓
	Large drum set on a vertical frame and struck using a pedal-controlled wooden mallet... drums 竖直架子上的大鼓，用脚踏木槌敲击。
3	bassoons	低音管
	Double-reed instruments consisting of a curved conical wooden tube; the double-reed is inserted into a curved mouthpiece... bassoon 双簧片乐器，由弯曲的圆锥形木管组成；双簧片插入弯曲的吹口中。
4	brass family	黄铜家族
	Group of wind instruments made from metal and played with cup-shaped mouthpieces... wind instruments?[1] 一组由金属制成的用杯形吹口演奏的乐器。〔1〕
5	castanets	响板(用硬木或象牙制成的)
	Instrument composed of two shell-shaped pieces of wood held in one hand and struck together using the fingers. 一只手拿着两块贝壳状的木头，用手指敲击在一起的乐器。
6	cellos	塞洛斯
	Four-stringed instruments placed between the legs when played; they are about twice the size of a violin and their range is one octave lower than the viola... cello 四弦乐器，演奏时放在两腿之间；大约是小提琴的两倍大，音域比中提琴低一个八度。
7	clarinets	单簧管
	Single-reed instruments whose cylindrical tube contains holes (some closed by keys) and ends in a flared bell... clarinet 单簧管乐器，其圆柱管上有孔（有些用键封闭），末端为喇叭形。单簧管
8	conductor’s podium	司机
	Small dais that the conductor stands on to direct the musicians as they play. 指挥站在上面指挥音乐家演奏的小台。
9	contrabassoons	反低音管
	Double-reed wind instruments consisting of several tubes; their range is one octave lower than the bassoon. 由几根管组成的双簧片管乐器；其音程比巴松管低一个八度。
10	cornet [’kɔːrnɪt]	短号;(盛冰淇淋的)圆锥形蛋卷
	Valved instrument consisting of a curved conical tube and a flared bell. 由弯曲的锥形管和喇叭口组成的有阀门的仪器。
11	cymbals	圆盘式张力装置
	Instrument consisting of two metal disks that are struck together. 由两个金属盘撞击在一起的仪器。
12	double basses	双低音
	Four- or five-stringed instruments played upright; the largest of the violin family, they also have the lowest range... double bass 竖直演奏的四弦或五弦乐器；小提琴家族中最大的乐器，它们的音域也最低。低音提琴
13	English horns	英语角
	Alto oboes with a pear-shaped bell... English horn 钟形钟形双簧管中音。英语角
14	first violins	第一小提琴
	The violins that play the melody... violin 演奏旋律的小提琴。
15	flutes	长笛
	Instruments with a side mouthpiece and a tube containing holes, some of which are closed by keys... transverse flute 有侧吹口和装有孔的管的乐器，其中一些孔是用键封闭的。横笛
16	French horns	法国角
	Valved instruments consisting of a coiled conical tube and a flared bell... French horn 有瓣的仪器，由盘绕的圆锥形管和喇叭口组成。法国号角
17	gong [ɡɑːŋ]	锣; 奖章
	Instrument consisting of a large metal disk with a raised central portion that is struck using a mallet. 由一个大的金属盘和一个用木槌敲打的凸起的中心部分组成的乐器。
18	harps	竖琴
	Plucked stringed instruments consisting of strings of unequal length attached to a triangular frame... harp 弹拨的弦乐器，由不等长的弦组成，附在三角形框架上。
19	oboes	双簧管
	Double-reed instruments consisting of a conical tube with holes (some closed by keys) and a slightly flared bell... oboe 双簧片乐器，由带孔的圆锥形管（有些用键封闭）和稍有扩口的钟形管组成。
20	percussion instruments	打击乐器
	Group of instruments that are struck directly with the hands or with sticks, mallets, etc. to produce a sound... ?[1] 用手或棍子、木槌等直接敲击以发出声音的一组乐器。？〔1〕
21	piano [pi’ɑnoʊ]	钢琴
	Piano whose mechanism is horizontal, allowing the pianist to better control the sound; it varies in size from 8 to 9 ft... examples of keyboard instruments upright concert grand 一种钢琴，其机制是水平的，使钢琴家能更好地控制声音；它的大小从8英尺到9英尺不等。键盘乐器的例子右音
22	piccolo [’pɪkəloʊ]	短笛
	Small transverse flute whose range is an octave higher than the regular transverse flute. 小横笛，其音程比普通横笛高八度。
23	second violins	第二小提琴
	The violins that support the first violins... violin 支持第一小提琴的小提琴。
24	snare drum	小军鼓
	Flat drum consisting of two membranes; stretched across the lower head are snares that produce a rattling sound. 由两层膜组成的平鼓；在下鼓头上延伸的是能发出卡嗒卡嗒声的圈套。
25	symphony orchestra	交响乐团
	Group composed of numerous musicians under the direction of a conductor; it includes various categories of instruments, depending on the work to be performed. 在指挥的指挥下由许多音乐家组成的团体；根据要表演的作品，它包括不同种类的乐器。
26	timpani [’tɪmpəni]	(单复同)定音鼓=tymp
	Instruments consisting of a parabolic copper basin covered with a stretched batter head that is struck with a mallet... kettledrum 由一个抛物线形的铜盆组成的乐器，盆上覆盖着一个用木槌敲打的拉伸的击球头。
27	triangle [’traɪæŋɡl]	三角(形)
	Instrument composed of a metal bar bent to form a open at one end; the is struck with a metal rod. 由一端弯曲形成开口的金属棒组成的仪器；用金属棒敲击。
28	trombones	长号
	Instruments consisting of a curved tube with a slide that is lengthened to produce notes varying in pitch by semitones... trombone 由一个弯曲的管和一个滑块组成的乐器，这个滑块被加长以产生由半音阶变化的音调。
29	trumpets	小号
	Valved instruments consisting of a curved cylindrical tube and a flared bell... trumpet 由弯曲的圆柱管和喇叭口组成的有阀门的仪器。
30	tuba [’tuːbə]	低音大喇叭
	Valved instrument whose tonal range is the lowest in the brass family; it consists of a coiled conical tube and an upturned bell. 汽门乐器，其音调范围在黄铜家族中最低；它由一个盘绕的锥形管和一个上翘的钟组成。
31	tubular bells	〈音〉管钟
	Series of metal tubes arranged vertically in order of size; small hammers are used to strike the tops of the tubes. 按尺寸垂直排列的一系列金属管；小锤子用来敲击管子的顶部。
32	violas	堇菜
	Four-stringed instruments similar to a violin but played a fifth lower... viola 四弦乐器，与小提琴相似，但演奏第五低中提琴。
33	violin family	提琴
	Group of stringed instruments played with a bow. 用弓演奏的一组弦乐器。
34	woodwind family	木管乐器
	Group of wind instruments originally made from wood... wind instruments?[1] 一组最初由木头制成的乐器。乐器？〔1〕
35	xylophone [’zaɪləfoʊn]	木琴
	Instrument consisting of wooden bars placed on top of resonators arranged in chromatic order in two rows; the bars are struck with mallets. 一种乐器，由放置在两排按色度顺序排列的谐振器顶部的木棒组成；木棒用木槌敲击。

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